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Boysun. Masterpieces of Central Asia


WOMENТS CULTS (P.36-37)

          In the traditional world of Boysun the role of women is particularly great as keeper of the hearth. That is why womenТs cult traditions are very important here. Thus, in Boysun they firmly venerate the kind fairy УBibi-seshanbiФ, about whom they tell a legend analogous to the famous fairy tale about УCinderellaФ. Seshanbi means Tuesday, the day when Bibi-seshanbi rules. Acording to old-residents of Boysun villages, in the 15th-20th centuries Tuesday is considered as a day unfavorable for men. It was the day of womenТs freedom, when bath-houses, tea-houses, and bazaars were open first of all for women. Until the middle of the XX century in Boysun the tradition was preserved of electing the most beautiful girl, who was endowed with sacred characteristics and became an object of worship and ritual performance that went back to the ancient cult of Goddess Anakhita. Folk tradition has preserved the ancient Boysun rite of rain making УSust khotinФ, which is performed in drought by the decision of the patriarchs. On a certain day a group of women with a doll that looks like a scarecrow walked through all the houses in the kishlak. They perform a song with the words: УOh, Sust woman! Oh, Sultana! Independent woman! Let the harvest be rich, Sust woman. Till the houses of the peasants, Sust woman. Pour out streams of rain, Sust womanФ. At the end of the ritual the doll was sacrificed by being thrown into a well or shallow sai. In response heaven had to Уburst into tearsФ. In the past, this role was given to the most beautiful women.
         Since women are responsible for the prosperity of the home and family, a peculiar womanТs ceremonial has existed from ancient times for overcoming accidents. In the face of folk magic, disasters and diseases, misfortune and failure in matrimonial life as well as childlessness must recede. Among womenТs cult traditions of Boysun are: the veneration of Bibi Mushkul Kushod, fairy-guardian of the hearth: and Bibi-Seshanbi, the kind fairy, well known oriental version of УCinderellaФ. УMushkul KushodФ is translated from Tajik language as Уovercoming accidentsФ. This rite is performed within a womenТs circle when one of them has problems at home. In the course of this ritual women pray together for the benefit of those who need help. As a symbol of the hearth the fire is kindled. УMushkul KushodФ ritual is a collective meditation, when women should have good visions, therefore a mirror is used during this rite. Thus every new generation becomes familiar with traditional rites as the formulation of happiness, its contribution to the triumph of good over evil.